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June Newsletter: 5 Calming Items That Can Reduce Cat Anxiety

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 05:02:57 GMT

5 Calming Items That Can Reduce Cat Anxiety

Do you wish you could find a way to soothe your anxious kitty? These five products could turn your frightened feline into a calm, contented cat.

Pheromone Diffusers

Pheromone diffusers release a calming pheromone spray that helps your anxious cat relax. Pheromones are natural chemicals released by glands in various parts of your cat's body. These chemicals help your cat communicate with other cats, mark their territory, and offer a natural way to calm frayed nerves.

Diffusers use manmade pheromones that act just like natural ones. Pheromone spray may reduce stress-related behaviors, like hiding, scratching, and urine spraying. Some manufacturers also offer multi-cat diffusers that can be helpful if there's tension between the cats in your family. The diffusers plug into outlets and cover up to 700 square feet. Feliway, Sentry, bSerene, Therapet, Woyamay and other companies sell pheromone diffusers.

Calming Treats

Calming your cat may be as simple as feeding it a special treat. Simply offer the treats 30 minutes before a trip to the veterinarian, a long car ride, during a thunderstorm, or in any other situation that stresses your kitty. Treats can be offered daily or as needed and won't make your cat lethargic. Treats contain natural ingredients, like L-theanine and thiamine, that reduce stress and anxiety, help your cat feel calm, and improve its mood. Among the companies that sell calming treats are Vetriscience, Pet Naturals, Pet Honest, Zesty Paws and Cat MX.

ThunderShirt

ThunderShirts have helped plenty of dogs deal with anxiety caused by fireworks and thunder and can be just as effective for cats. If sleeping under a weighted blanket makes you feel safe and secure, just imagine how helpful a ThunderShirt can be for cats. The weighted ThunderShirt wraps around your furry friend's body, providing gentle, consistent pressure that induces a sense of calm.

ThunderShirts can be worn daily for general anxiety or placed on your cat before a potentially stressful event. The shirts are available in sizes small, medium and large.

Calming Cat Food

Several manufacturers, including Royal Canin and Hill's, offer cat food designed to relieve anxiety. The specialty food can be helpful if you're cat is dealing with a stressful situation, like a move, a new baby, or the death of a family member or pet. Feeding your pet calming cat food may be particularly helpful if your cat is experiencing digestive issues, urinary problems, or irritated skin due to stress and anxiety. Royal Canin's Calm Dry Cat Food contains hydrolyzed milk protein and L-tryptophan, ingredients that reduce stress. The food is also enriched with fiber to keep hairballs under control.

Cat Collar

Similar to diffusers, anti-stress collars constantly emit pheromones that help your furry friend feel relaxed and content. The collars release pheromones for up to 30 days, and unlike diffusers, can be used anywhere. They may make car trips less stressful, could help your cat adjust to the presence of a new pet, or reduce scratching or spraying behaviors. Several manufacturers, including Comfort Zone, Alzoo, Sentry and Relaxivet, offer calming collars.

Things to Keep in Mind About Calming Products

You may need to try several products before you find the best option for your pet. Although anti-anxiety products can be helpful, they may not completely eliminate anxiety. If your cat is struggling with stress and anxiety, let your veterinarian know. He or she can recommend strategies and treatments that will ease your pet's symptoms.

Is your favorite feline struggling with anxiety? We can help you find an effective solution. Contact our office to schedule an appointment with the veterinarian.

Sources:

Feliway: Feliway Optimum Diffuser Kit

https://us.feliway.com/products/feliway-optimum-diffuser-refill-kit-48ml-30-day?variant=39847905394823

Vetriscience: Composure Calming Supplement for Cats

https://www.vetriscience.com/composure-153-calming-supplement-for-cats.html

Thunderworks: ThunderShirt for Cats

https://thundershirt.com/products/thundershirt-for-cats

Royal Canin: Calm Dry Cat Food

https://www.royalcanin.com/us/es_us/cats/products/vet-products/calm-dry-cat-food

Sentry Pet Care: Sentry Calming Collars for Cats

https://sentrypetcare.com/product/sentry-behavior-and-calming-collar-for-cats-and-kittens/

PetMD: The Ultimate Guide to Cat Anxiety, 8/13/2020

https://www.petmd.com/cat/conditions/behavioral/c_ct_fear_phobia_anxiety

The Spruce Pets: The 9 Best Calming Aids for Cats of 2024, 10/24/2023

https://www.thesprucepets.com/natural-cat-stress-remedies-555543

International Cat Care: Stress in Cats, 10/5/2018

https://icatcare.org/advice/stress-in-cats/

June Newsletter: How to Reduce Excessive Dog Shedding

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:57:52 GMT

How to Reduce Excessive Dog Shedding

Hair seems to collect everywhere when you share your home with a dog. Fortunately, keeping shedding under control can be as simple as following these tips.

Talk to Your Veterinarian

Excessive shedding can be a symptom of an underlying health problem, like an allergy, infection, immune disease, or kidney, liver, or thyroid problem. Some dogs lose more hair than usual if they're stressed or are experiencing side effects from medications. If you notice a dramatic increase in shedding, it's time to schedule a visit with the veterinarian.

Your pet's veterinarian may perform a few tests to help him or her determine the source of the problem. If a health condition is to blame for the shedding, the treatments your pet's veterinarian offers will improve your dog's health and reduce shedding.

Keep Allergies Under Control

Excessive shedding can be a sign that your furry friend has an allergy. Food, flea, or seasonal allergies can trigger hair loss or excessive shedding. Allergy symptoms may include red skin, itching, hives, vomiting, or diarrhea. Your dog may lick or bite the skin as it tries to control the itching. Unfortunately, licking or biting can cause bald or hot spots.

Topical flea medication applied monthly kills fleas and prevents future flea infestations. If a seasonal allergy is the problem, remove allergens by wiping down your dog's fur before it comes inside. Frequent vacuuming and mopping also reduce allergens in your home and can ease your pet's symptoms. Allergy medication may be an option if your pet has severe allergy symptoms.

If food allergies could be causing hair loss, an elimination diet may be helpful. Elimination diets involve feeding your dog a bland diet and gradually adding ingredients that could cause allergy symptoms. The diet helps you and your pet's veterinarian determine which ingredient causes your pet's symptoms. If your dog does have a food allergy, the veterinarian can suggest a few food options that reduce allergy symptoms.

Brush More Often

Excessive shedding in the spring and fall can occur as your dog prepares for a change in the weather. Brushing your pet more often will keep its hair corralled in one place and prevent floating fur balls from taking over your home. Brushing removes stray hairs and evenly distributes oils that keep the skin soft and comfortable. During times of excessive shedding, brushing your dog three to seven days per week may be helpful.

It's easier to get rid of the loose hairs in your dog's coat by first brushing in the opposite direction in which the hair grows. After you've removed stray hairs, brush in the direction the hairs grow.

The American Kennel Club recommends using a natural bristle brush or bristled grooming glove for dogs with short coats. Grooming a dog with a long or double coat requires a slightly different approach. A standard brush may not reach the underlayers of your pet's coat. Slicker brushes are the best option in that case, according to the AKC. These brushes consist of thin wire pins attached to a flat or curved base. Slicker brushes remove loose hair and are also helpful in smoothing tangled hair and removing mats.

Make Regular Baths a Priority

Bathing removes loose hair, allergens, odors, dirt, and debris from your pet's coat. During heavy shedding, you may want to bathe your pet twice a month, instead of every one to three months. Bathing too frequently can dry out your pet's skin and should be avoided. Be sure to use gentle shampoos that won't irritate your dog's skin.

Focus on a Healthy Diet

Nutritious food and access to fresh water help your pet stay healthy and keep its coat in good condition. Avoid foods that rely heavily on fillers. Proteins, like fish, poultry, lamb, or beef should be among the first few ingredients listed on the pet food label, not fillers, like corn, wheat, soy, beet pulp, and bone meal. Fillers may fill your pet up, but won't provide the nutrients and minerals your dog needs for good health.

Supplements like fish oil or Omega fatty acids could also offer a solution. These supplements may help reduce shedding while improving your pet's coat.

Is your dog shedding more than usual? We can help. Contact our office to make an appointment for your furry friend.

Sources:

American Kennel Club: Dog Shedding: What to Expect and How to Manage It, 11/9/2023

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/dog-shedding-what-to-expect-and-how-to-manage-it/

Texas A&M University Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences: Brushing Up for Shedding Season, 12/8/2022

https://vetmed.tamu.edu/news/pet-talk/reduce-dog-shedding/

Daily Paws: Why Dogs Shed and How You Can Control It, 6/10/2022

https://www.dailypaws.com/dogs-puppies/dog-grooming/dog-shedding

WebMD: Dog Shedding, 7/11/2023

https://www.webmd.com/pets/dogs/excessive-shedding-dogs

May Newsletter: Which Human Foods Are Safe for Dogs?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:50:07 GMT

Which Human Foods Are Safe for Dogs?

Dog food provides all the nutrients your furry friend needs for good health, but that doesn't mean your pet can't enjoy a taste of some of your favorite foods from time to time. Confused about which foods are safe for dogs? Take a look at our list of people food you can share with your pet.

Meat, Poultry, and Fish

Meat, poultry, and fish, the staples of many human diets, also appeal to dogs. Beef, liver, lamb, chicken, turkey, shrimp, and fish are high in protein, which your dog needs for a sleek coat, healthy weight, and strong muscles and immune system. Although these foods are good for your dog, offer small samples to prevent weight gain or gastrointestinal issues. Serve these foods after cooking to prevent bacterial or salmonella infections.

Remove any bones, particularly when offering poultry or fish. Choking or damage to the mouth, throat, or digestive system lining can happen when cooked bones break or splinter. Cut off fat before offering your dog a taste of your meal. Eating fat can cause diarrhea or could increase your pet's risk of obesity or pancreatitis.

Seasonings might make your food taste better, but highly seasoned food can sicken your dog or cause gastrointestinal issues. If you plan to give your pet a taste of meat, poultry, fish, or seafood, omit the seasoning from a small area when cooking or wash off seasonings after cooking if possible.

Make sure dishes don't contain onions, garlic, shallots, chives, or leaks. These ingredients can be toxic to dogs and may cause a dangerous condition called hemolytic anemia. Onion and garlic powders are even stronger than fresh onions and garlic, according to the American Kennel Club (AKC), and should be avoided.

Unfortunately, some dogs are allergic to meat, poultry, or fish. Symptoms of food allergies include vomiting, diarrhea, gas, itchy skin, hives, or swelling in the eyelids, lips, or ears.

Vegetables

Want to share your love of vegetables with your pet? Some dogs love them, while others turn their noses up at veggies. These vegetables are safe for your pet:

Bell Peppers
Broccoli
Brussels Sprouts
Cabbage
Cauliflower
Celery (with strings removed)
Carrots (cooked)
Corn
Green Beans (cooked)
Peas (cooked)
Potatoes (plain, skinless, roasted)
Spinach (cooked, in small amounts. Large amounts can cause kidney or bladder stones or irritate your dog's stomach.)
Sweet Potatoes (plain, skinless, cooked)
Zucchini

PetMD notes that broccoli, peas, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage can cause excess gas and bloating. If that's the case for your pet, only offer small amounts of these vegetables or don't feed them to your dog at all.

Fruit

Your dog may enjoy some of the same fruits you do, including:

Apples
Bananas
Berries
Cantaloupes
Kiwis
Mangoes
Oranges
Peaches
Pears
Pineapples
Pumpkin (cooked)
Watermelon

Peel oranges, cut off watermelon and pineapple rinds, and remove seeds and pits before offering fruit to your dog.

Eggs and Dairy

A hardboiled egg (without the shell) or a scrambled egg make tasty snacks for your pet. Eggs contain protein, selenium, riboflavin, and vitamin D, nutrients that enhance your dog's health. An occasional sip of milk is fine for many dogs, although some are lactose intolerant. If your dog can't digest lactose, it may experience stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating, gas, or lack of appetite due to nausea.

Dogs can also eat plain yogurt, although pets with lactose intolerance will also want to avoid this food. Small amounts of cheese makes a good occasional treat if your dog isn't lactose intolerant. The AKC recommends offering mozzarella and cottage cheeses or other lower-fat cheeses.

Other Foods

Your dog can also safely eat bread, unsalted cashews and peanuts, unsalted peanut butter, honey, rice, quinoa, and unsalted, unbuttered popcorn.

Do you have a concern about your dog's diet? Let us know how we can help! Get in touch with our office to ask a question or schedule an appointment.

Sources:

American Kennel Club: People Foods Dogs Can and Can’t Eat, 3/14/2024

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/nutrition/human-foods-dogs-can-and-cant-eat/

PetMD: What Vegetables Can Dogs Eat, 11/17/2022

https://www.petmd.com/dog/nutrition/what-vegetables-can-dogs-eat

Forbes: What Fruits Can Dogs eat (And Which Are Bad for Them), 4/3/23

https://www.forbes.com/advisor/pet-insurance/pet-care/fruits-dogs-can-eat/

ASPCA: Sharing is Caring: Foods You Can Safely Share with Your Pet, 1/28/2021

https://www.aspca.org/news/sharing-caring-foods-you-can-safely-share-your-pet

May Newsletter: Items That Should Be Included in Your Pet's First Aid Kit

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:42:08 GMT

Is Your Pet's First Aid Kit Fully Stocked?

You never know when an accident or health emergency may happen when you have a pet. Keeping a first aid kit fully stocked will ensure you're ready if trouble strikes.

What Should I Include in the First Aid Kit?

Add these essentials to your pet's first aid kit:

Antiseptic Wipes. Use the wipes to remove dirt, debris, and germs from wounds.
Bandages and Gauze. Buy gauze pads and non-adhesive bandages in a variety of sizes to cover and protect wounds.
Adhesive Tape. Adhesive tape keeps bandages in place but may pull on hair when removing.
Compression Bandages. Compression bandages hold wound coverings in place and don't stick to your pet's hair. Buy compression bandages or wraps specifically intended for use on pets.
Antiseptic Gel, Spray, or Cream. Applying antiseptic gel, spray, and cream to a wound before bandaging helps by reducing the risk of infection.
Tick Remover. Removing ticks promptly can reduce your pet's risk for Lyme disease and other tick-borne illnesses. According to The Humane Society of the United States, it takes a day or two for a tick to transmit an infection to your pet. The sooner you remove the tick with a tick remover, the better.
Tweezers. Tweezers can be handy for removing splinters, foreign objects, bee stingers, and ticks (if you don't have a tick remover).
Muzzle. A severe injury or illness can make your normally calm pet agitated and aggressive. Using a muzzle helps you avoid bites. Make sure the muzzle fits your pet comfortably and doesn't interfere with breathing.
Saline. Saline spray or solution can be used to flush away debris from your pet's eyes or clean a wound.
Towel. A towel can double as a splint or sling in an emergency or keep your pet warm.
Gloves. Latex gloves keep your hands clean and reduce the risk of wound contamination.
Styptic Powder or Pen. Styptic powder stops bleeding from a torn nail.
Nail Clippers . Clippers prevent a ragged or torn nail from snagging on objects and worsening the injury.
Bandanas. Soak a bandana in cool water and place it on your pet to ease heat exhaustion symptoms. Heat exhaustion and heatstroke symptoms include excessive drooling or panting, dry nose, sunken eyes, fever, reduced urine output, weakness, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, or difficulty walking. Call your veterinarian right away if your pet experiences heat-related symptoms, as shock, dehydration, or kidney failure can occur in some cases.
Collapsible Water Dish. Access to water is important if your dog overheats, which can happen even if the weather isn't unusually hot. Heat exhaustion is more likely to occur in dogs that have long hair, a short nose, or are obese, ill, or dehydrated.
Benadryl. Benadryl can be helpful if your dog suffers an allergic reaction. Don't give Benadryl unless you've checked with a veterinarian first and know how much medication is safe for your pet. The American Kennel Club recommends avoiding liquid Benadryl because of the salt content and advises against the use of time-release capsules. Dogs don't absorb medication in the capsules the same way as people, which can affect dosage.
Oral Syringe. Use the oral syringe to give your pet liquid medication.
Instant Cold Packs. These packs become cold with a quick squeeze and ease pain, inflammation, and swelling.
Thermometer. A thermometer eliminates the guess work if you're not sure if your dog has a fever.
Scissors. A small pair of blunt-tipped scissors is invaluable in cutting a length of adhesive tape, trimming hair around a wound, or opening wound care packaging.
Flashlight. Emergencies don't just happen during the day. A flashlight makes it easier to examine injuries in dark and dimly lit conditions.
Emergency Telephone Numbers. Keep a list of your veterinarian's phone number, the number for 24-hour emergency veterinary hospitals, poison control, and other important numbers.
Records. It's easy to forget a few details when you're dealing with an emergency. When you keep a written record of your pet's medications and health conditions in your first aid kit, you won't have to worry about a momentary memory lapse.

Does your dog have an injury or illness? Give us a call if your furry friend needs veterinary care.

Sources:

The Humane Society of the United States: What to Do if You Find a Tick on Your Dog

https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/what-do-if-you-find-tick-your-dog

American Kennel Club: Benadryl for Dogs, 3/14/2024

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/benadryl-for-dogs/

American Veterinary Medical Association: First Aid Tips for Pet Owners

https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/pet-owners/emergencycare/first-aid-tips-pet-owners

Outside Magazine: The Ultimate Dog First-Aid Kit, 8/23/2023

https://www.outsideonline.com/health/wellness/dog-first-aid-kit/

ASPCA Pro: How to Make a Pet First Aid Kit

https://www.aspcapro.org/resource/how-make-pet-first-aid-kit

April Newsletter: The Benefits of Dental Chews for Dogs

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:34:45 GMT

The Benefits of Dental Chews for Dogs

Are your dog's teeth clean enough? Plaque and tartar buildup on your furry friend's teeth can lead to painful dental disease. Offering your pet dental chews is a simple way to reduce the risk of tooth loss and pain.

What Are Dental Chews?

Dental chews are dog treats that help remove plaque from your dog's teeth. As your dog chews the treats, the crunchy morsels brush against the teeth, reducing plaque buildup. Although dental chews aren't a substitute for teeth brushing and professional teeth cleaning, they may help your dog avoid gum disease and tooth loss.

Why Is It Important to Remove Plaque?

Plaque is a clear bacterial film that coats teeth and gums every day. If you don't remove plaque, it turns into a hard substance called tartar in just a few days. Unlike plaque, tartar is visible. Yellowish-brown tartar deposits first appear on the base of your dog's teeth but may eventually cover the entire surface of teeth. The rough surface of tartar offers the perfect breeding ground for bacteria above and below the gums.

Tartar and plaque buildup can cause gingivitis, the earliest form of gum disease. If your dog has gingivitis, its gums may look red and swollen. You may also notice that your pet's breath smells terrible. If plaque and tartar aren't removed through dental cleaning, your dog may develop periodontal disease, the most severe form of dental disease. Periodontal disease causes infections that can damage bone and gum tissue, causing teeth to loosen.

Periodontal disease signs include bleeding gums, worsening pain, bloody saliva, drooling, difficulty eating, bad breath, and weight loss. In some cases, bacteria on your dog's teeth may enter its bloodstream and travel to the heart and other organs.

4 Ways Chews Improve Dental Health

Periodontal disease is a common problem in dogs, affecting 80 to 90% of dogs over age 3, according to the Cornell Richard P. Riney Canine Health Center. Luckily, reducing your pet's risk for periodontal disease can be as simple as giving your dog a dental chew every day. Dental chews offer several benefits, including:

Less Plaque. Dental chews offer an effective way to reduce plaque on teeth. Removing plaque stops tartar from forming. According to a research study published in the Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, dental chews significantly reduced plaque and tartar buildup in dogs that ate a dry food diet and received one dental chew daily. In another study published in the Journal of Animal Science, dogs that ate a dry diet and a daily dental chew had lower tartar scores and lower plaque coverage and thickness scores.
No Pain. Living with gum disease is painful. As the disease progresses, eating becomes uncomfortable, which may prompt your dog to avoid food or become irritable. Dental chews help your pet avoid the pain of dental disease.
Improved Breath. As much as you love your dog, you might not be so fond of its awful breath. The bacteria in plaque and tartar release smelly volatile sulfur compounds, causing that terrible smell when your dog opens its mouth. In both research studies, researchers noted that a daily chew improved breath odor.
Better Health. Dental chews help your dog reduce its risk of heart disease or damage to organs caused by the bacteria in plaque and tartar.

Which Chews Are Best for My Dog?

Wondering which dental chew to offer your pet? The Veterinary Oral Heath Council offers a list of chews that meet its standards for effective plaque and tartar control. Among the products on the list are Canine Greenies, WHIMZEES Toothbrush Dental Dog Treats, Pedigree Dentalstix Advanced, Checkup Chews for Dogs, Tartan Shield Rawhide Chews and Improved Milk-Bone Brushing Chews for Dogs.

WebMD advises against using bones, pigs' ears, and rawhide bones as dental treats. Some products may be too hard on teeth, while others can cause gastrointestinal obstructions or may contain too much fat.

Dental chews, regular teeth brushing, and professional dental cleanings will help you protect your dog's teeth. Is it time to schedule your furry friend's next cleaning? Contact our office to make an appointment.

Sources:

Cornell Richard P. Riney Canine Health Center: Periodontal Disease

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments/riney-canine-health-center/canine-health-information/periodontal-disease

PubMed: Journal of Veterinary Dentistry: Oral Health Benefits of a Daily Dental Chew in Dogs, Summer 2013

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24006717/

Journal of Animal Science: Effects of Novel Dental Chews on Oral Health Outcomes and Halitosis in Adult Dogs, 9/2020

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7511057/

Veterinary Oral Health Council: VOHC Accepted Products

https://vohc.org/accepted-products/

WebMD: Dog Dental Treats, 11/9/2022

https://www.webmd.com/pets/dogs/dog-dental-treats

NBC News: 7 Best Dog Dental Chews and Treats, According to Veterinarians, 10/18/2022

https://www.nbcnews.com/select/shopping/best-dog-dental-chews-ncna1299919

April Newsletter: At What Age Should You Spay or Neuter Your Pet?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:30:42 GMT

At What Age Should You Spay or Neuter Your Pet?

Are you wondering when you should spay or neuter your new pet? Although recommendations for when to spay or neuter your pets varies depending on the type of animal you have, these surgeries are most often performed during a pet's first year of life.

Spaying and Neutering Age Recommendations

Spaying (for females) and neutering (for males) are surgeries that eliminate heat cycles in females and prevent reproduction in both sexes. Your veterinarian neuters your male pet by removing his testicles. Spay surgeries involve removing the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes in female pets.

The surgeries are recommended at these ages:

Dogs. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) recommends spaying and neutering small-breed dogs at six months or before the first heat in females. Large breed dogs should be spayed or neutered when the pet has stopped growing, which can occur between 9 to 15 months.
Cats. The AAHA's "Fix Felines by Five" campaign endorses spaying and neutering cats by 5 months.
Rabbits. The Best Friends Animal Society notes that young rabbits can be spayed when they're sexually mature, which may happen between 3 to 6 months of age. Dwarf breeds reach sexual maturity earlier than full-size breeds.
Ferrets. Merck Manual notes that most ferrets are spayed or neutered by the time they're 6 weeks old. If females aren't spayed and start a heat cycle, they will remain in heat until they're bred, according to the Manual.

Your pet's veterinarian can help you decide the perfect time to spay or neuter your pet. Spaying and neutering surgeries aren't just for young animals. Most animals, regardless of age, can be spayed or neutered.

Spaying and Neutering Benefits

Spaying and neutering offers many benefits for your pet's health and well-being, including:

Lower Cancer Risk. Spaying and neutering eliminates the risk of testicular cancer in males and uterine and ovarian cancer in females. It also decreases your female pet's risk of mammary (breast) cancer. According to the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS), breast tumors occur more often in unspayed female dogs or dogs that were spayed after age 2. The ACVS also notes that cats spayed before 6 months have a seven-time lower risk of developing mammary cancer. Female rabbits are also at increased risk of cancer, particularly uterine cancer when not spayed. Neutering reduces the risk of testicular or prostate cancer in male rabbits.
No Desire to Roam. Your pet may roam far from home to fulfill its mating instincts if not spayed or neutered. Pets that roam are more likely to be hit by cars or injured in other ways.
Reduced Spraying. Your pet may not be able to search for love on a dating app, but it has its own way of attracting a potential mate. Spraying small amounts of urine helps unaltered cats, dogs, rabbits, and ferrets announce they're available, in addition to marking their territory. Spaying and neutering may reduce or eliminate this behavior.
Fewer Reproductive Health Problems. Removing the testicles, ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes may also reduce reproductive system health issues in pets. Your male pets may be less likely to develop hernias or prostate disease, while females can avoid pyometra. Pyometra is a potentially deadly uterine infection that tends to affect pets that have been in heat at least several times.
No Unwanted Litters. Spaying and neutering helps reduce the number of unwanted animals in the U.S. According to the ASPCA, more than 6 million pets enter shelters every year, but only 4 million find new homes. Spaying and neutering ensures that your pet doesn't contribute to the pet overpopulation problem.

Is it time to spay or neuter your pet? Contact our office to make an appointment for an exam and discuss scheduling your pet's surgery.

Sources:

American Animal Hospital Association: When Should I Spay or Neuter My Pet?

https://www.aaha.org/your-pet/pet-owner-education/ask-aaha/spay-or-neuter/

Best Friends Animal Society: Rabbit Spay/Neuter: What to Know

https://resources.bestfriends.org/article/rabbit-spay/neuter-what-know

Merck Manual: Breeding and Reproduction of Ferrets, 10/2022

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/all-other-pets/ferrets/breeding-and-reproduction-of-ferrets

American College of Veterinary Surgeons: Mammary Tumors

https://www.acvs.org/small-animal/mammary-tumors/

Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine: Spay vs Neuter: Benefits of Spaying and Neutering Your Pets, 11/1/2023

https://veterinary.rossu.edu/about/blog/why-spay-and-neuter-pets

March Newsletter: Tips to Prevent Your Cat from Overgrooming

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:26:32 GMT

Does Your Cat Have an Overgrooming Problem?

Grooming keeps your cat's fur clean, shiny, and spreads moisturizing oils throughout your furry friend's coat. Although grooming is essential for your cat's health and comfort, overgrooming can irritate your furry friend's skin and lead to hair loss and open sores.

What Causes Excessive Grooming?

Cats become obsessed with grooming for several reasons, including:

Parasitic Infections. Your cat may lick, bite, and chew its coat if it has fleas, skin mites, ear mites, lice, or other parasites.
Allergies. Allergies to foods, pollen, dust mites, fleas, and other allergens may make your pet's skin itch. Grooming offers a temporary way to relieve the itch. Skin issues are common in cats and may affect as many as six to fifteen percent of cats, according to Cornell Feline Health Center.
Stress. Your pet may be reacting to a change in its environment or struggling with a mental health issue. Death of a pet or family member, the introduction of a new pet or family member, moving, or even rearranging the furniture could stress your kitty. According to PetMD, grooming may trigger the release of endorphins, hormones that have a calming effect on your pet.
Pain. Does your cat constantly lick one area? Overgrooming could be a reaction to pain or an infection in that part of the body.
Boredom. Despite their reputation as aloof creatures, many cats enjoy spending time with their favorite people. When everyone's away at work or school, your pet may be bored and resort to overgrooming.

Tips to Prevent Overgrooming

Wondering what to do about your cat's grooming problem? Visiting the veterinarian is a good first step. Your pet's doctor can determine why your cat won't stop licking its fur. Treatments depend on the cause of the problem. For example, if a urinary tract infection (UTI) is the reason for your pet's overgrooming, your cat may need to take antibiotics and eat a diet specially formulated to prevent UTIs. Itchy skin due to a dust mite allergy might be treated with medication to ease the discomfort and inflammation, in addition to prescription shampoos or topical treatments.

No matter what the cause of your cat's grooming issues, these tips will help reduce your pet's urge to overgroom:

Keep Up with Parasite Control. If you've ever been bitten by a flea, you can probably sympathize with your pet. It's difficult to stop scratching the itchy bite, even though you know you shouldn't. Once-a-month topical treatments or pills can kill adult fleas and eggs on your cat's fur before they can cause problems. Flea collars can also be helpful, although some shouldn't be used if your cat takes a flea prevention pill or receives topical treatments monthly. If your cat has a current flea problem, you'll need to vacuum your home, steam-clean upholstery and carpeting, and wash bedding.
Reduce Your Pet's Stress Level. If stress is the cause of your pet's overgrooming habit, look for simple ways to ease anxiety and stress. Keep your pet's litter box clean, don't rearrange the furniture, feed your pet at the same time every day, and introduce new pets or people gradually, if possible. If those strategies don't help, your pet's veterinarian can recommend supplements, pheromones, or medications that can help calm your furry friend.
Spend More Time with Your Pet. Games are much more fun when they're played with your pet's favorite people. Schedule daily play sessions and increase one-on-one time with your pet.
Offer Stimulation. Give your cat plenty to do when you're not at home. Pet supply companies offer plenty of interactive games that will keep your pet entertained and intellectually stimulated. Indulge your pet's natural love for exploring with climbing structures and tunnels. These items don't have to be expensive. Your cat will appreciate a tunnel made of a few cardboard boxes taped together just as much as an expensive store-bought tunnel.
Provide a Sanctuary. A quiet, safe place is a must when your cat is feeling stressed or overwhelmed. Create a cat-friendly retreat by placing an enclosed cat bed or a box with a soft cushion in an out-of-the-way place.

Concerned about your pet's grooming habits? Contact our office to schedule an appointment with the veterinarian.

Sources:

Cornell Feline Health Center: Feline Skin Diseases, 2023

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/feline-skin-diseases

PetMD: Why Cats Overgroom and How You Can Stop It, 7/25/2019

https://www.petmd.com/cat/general-health/how-tell-if-your-cat-over-grooming

Purina: Cat Overgrooming: Causes and Treatment

https://www.purina.co.uk/articles/cats/health/daily-care/why-do-cats-overgroom

March Newsletter: How and When to Introduce Solid Food to Your Kitten

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:04:05 GMT

How and When to Introduce Solid Food to Your Kitten

Although kittens are initially dependent on their mothers for everything, those wriggling bundles of fur are ready to try solid food for the first time in just a few weeks. If you're not sure when you should offer your kitten solid food, you'll want to take a look at our suggestions.

The First Few Weeks - Getting Ready to Eat

Your kitten's mother provides the milk needed to nourish your growing pet during its first few weeks of life. Kittens are born blind, but their eyes gradually open during the first two weeks. As your kitten's vision sharpens, it will begin to venture a little farther from its mother's side. Since good vision is essential for finding food, this is an important milestone.

Your kitten's baby teeth appear by the time it's about 3 weeks old. Kittens need those teeth to mash and grind solid food. The baby teeth will be replaced by permanent teeth at three to four months of age.

When to Introduce Solid Food

In the wild, mother cats bring live prey to their babies when they're about 4 weeks old, according to International Cat Care. Four weeks is also the ideal time to introduce solid food to your kitten. PetMD notes that kittens are ready for solid food when they have baby teeth, are interested in their mother's solid food, and have become curious, playful, and mobile.

Deciding What to Feed Your Kitten

Kittens need extra calories and nutrients that will help them grow into healthy adult cats. Growing kittens need more protein, amino acids, minerals, and vitamins than adult cat foods can provide. When you shop for your pet, look for foods that are specifically intended for kittens.

How can you tell if a food is a good choice for your kitten? Look for a statement that the food meets the nutritional requirements of the American Association of Feed Control Officials (AAFCO). This statement is usually located under the list of ingredients on the kitten food package. If you're feeling a little overwhelmed by all the food choices, your veterinarian can make a few suggestions.

Starting Solid Food

As your kitten adjusts to eating solid food, it will still need to nurse or drink formula from a bottle. Start the weaning process slowly by adding some warm water to a tablespoon of canned kitten food and offering it to your pet. The ASPCA advises against mixing food with cow's milk, as milk can cause an upset stomach and diarrhea in some kittens.

During the next week or two, gradually increase the amount of food you provide and decrease the formula if you've been hand-feeding your kitten. If your kitten is nursing, WebMD suggests separating the mother and kitten for a few hours every day. Separating the kitten will increase its interest in eating solid food rather than nursing. By the time your kitten is 5 or 6 weeks old, you may be able to introduce dry food moistened with water.

Both dry and wet kitten food provide the nutrients your kitten needs. You may find that your kitten prefers one kind or enjoys both wet and dry food. If you only feed your kitten dry food, make sure you offer plenty of fresh water to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Canned food contains 70% water, while water only accounts for 10% of dry food, according to PetMD.

Most kittens that follow this weaning process are solely eating kitten food by the time they're 8 to 10 weeks old. If your kitten is having trouble adjusting to solid food or isn't gaining weight, let your veterinarian know as soon as possible.

Regular veterinary visits are essential to your kitten's health and offer the perfect time to discuss feeding issues and other concerns. Ready to make an appointment for your new addition? Contact our office to schedule a visit.

Sources:

International Cat Care: Bringing up a Litter of Kittens: Health Considerations, 7/31/2018

https://icatcare.org/advice/bringing-up-a-litter-of-kittens-health-considerations/

PetMD: Weaning Kittens: When and How to Introduce Solid Food, 11/21/2023

https://www.petmd.com/cat/general-health/weaning-kittens

WebMD: Weaning a Kitten from Mother's Milk to Solid Food, 9/9/2023

https://www.webmd.com/pets/cats/weaning-kitten

PetMD: Wet Cat Food Vs. Dry Cat Food: Which Is Better, 1/19/2021

https://www.petmd.com/cat/nutrition/wet-cat-food-vs-dry-cat-food-which-better

ASPCA: Cat Nutrition Tips

https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/cat-care/cat-nutrition-tips

February Newsletter: What Causes Nausea in Cats?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 04:01:14 GMT

What Causes Nausea in Cats?

If your cat isn't its usual energetic self, nausea could be to blame. Unfortunately, it's not always easy to determine why your favorite feline is under the weather. Nausea can be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from food sensitivities to constipation to kidney or liver disease.

How to Tell if Your Cat Is Nauseated

Vomiting is a sure sign that your cat doesn't feel well, but nauseated cats don't always vomit. If your furry friend is nauseated, you may notice one or more of these signs:

Disinterest in Food
Drooling
Dry Heaving
Increased Meowing
Grooming More Than Usual
Licking the Lips
Fatigue

Sick pets also tend to hide under beds or in other out-of-the-way places. In the wild, predators prey on sick and weak animals. Hiding is a natural instinct that protects your pet from predators, even though your house is predator-free.

Common Nausea Causes

Nausea can be caused by:

Food Problems. If you recently changed your pet's food, it may take a while for your cat's stomach to adjust to the new food. Allergies or sensitivities to food may also cause nausea.
Hairballs. Hairballs normally come back up naturally, but that's not always the case. Nausea could be due to clumps of hair blocking your cat's gastrointestinal tract.
Parasites. Worms and other parasites can make your poor pet feel queasy. If the parasitic infection isn't treated promptly, your cat could become dehydrated due to vomiting and diarrhea.
Constipation. If your cat hasn't been making its usual deposits in the litter box, constipation could be to blame for nausea.
A Virus. Your cat's nausea could be caused by a viral illness. Among the illnesses that may trigger nausea are rotavirus, coronavirus, feline panleukopenia, or feline infectious peritonitis.
Foreign Bodies. Your pet may have swallowed a non-food item that's become stuck in the gastrointestinal tract.
Toxins. Swallowing toxic substances in pesticides, plants, essential oils, human medication, cosmetics, and cleaning products can cause nausea and vomiting.
Motion Sickness. Do you only notice symptoms after your cat has been for a ride in the car? Just like people, some cats are susceptible to motion sickness.
Diseases. Liver disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, pancreatitis, vestibular disease, and other diseases and illnesses can trigger nausea. Kidney disease could also be the cause. Chronic kidney disease affects 1 to 3% of all cats and 30 to 50% of cats over age 15, according to an article in Today's Veterinary Practice.
Medications. Nausea can be a side effect of medications used to treat diseases and illnesses.
Cancer. Although most cases of nausea are not caused by cancer, queasiness can be a sign of the disease.

Treating Nausea

Mild nausea often improves on its own. If your cat is nauseated for more than 24 hours, it's time to make an appointment with the veterinarian. Call immediately if you notice any of these signs:

Fever
Frequent Vomiting or Dry Heaving
Trouble Breathing
Weakness or Extreme Fatigue
Blood in Vomit or Feces
Pain
Difficulty Urinating

Your pet's veterinarian will perform a thorough examination that may include blood and urine testing. Blood tests can help rule out common causes of nausea, like liver or kidney disease, hyperthyroid disease, electrolyte problems, or other issues. If your veterinarian suspects that the nausea is caused by parasites or a bacterial infection, a fecal test may be recommended. X-rays or ultrasound scans can help your pet's doctor determine if blockages, foreign bodies, tumors, or pancreatitis are to blame for your cat's symptoms. Endoscopy, an examination of the esophagus, stomach, and intestinal tract with a flexible, lighted wand, may also be used to spot tears in the gastrointestinal lining, tumors, or inflammation.

Treatment of nausea varies depending on the cause. If a food intolerance or allergy is the problem, switching to another type of food may offer a simple solution. Surgery may be needed to remove blockages or tumors. Treating underlying conditions, like diseases and parasitic infections, can improve nausea. If your pet is dehydrated, the veterinarian may provide subcutaneous fluids to increase your cat's fluid levels.

Anti-nausea injections or medication may be used to keep symptoms under control. If your pet's symptoms are severe, it may need to stay at the veterinary hospital for a day or two or longer.

Concerned about your cat's nausea? Contact our office to schedule an appointment.

Sources:

Today’s Veterinary Practice: Chronic Kidney Disease, March/April 2015

https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/urology-renal-medicine/feline-chronic-kidney-disease

PetMD: Nausea in Cats, 4/27/2023

https://www.petmd.com/cat/symptoms/nausea

Cornell Feline Health Center: Vomiting, 2021

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/vomiting

Cats.com: Cat Nausea: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment, 1/24/2024

https://cats.com/cat-nausea

February Newsletter: The Benefits of Proper Nutrition for Pets

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 03:53:21 GMT

The Benefits of Proper Nutrition for Pets

Good nutrition offers important health advantages for your pet. Without the proper amount of vitamins, minerals, fats, and proteins in its diet, your pet could develop a variety of health problems. Ensuring that your pet's food contains the ideal nutrients for its age or breed will help you protect your furry friend.

7 Ways Nutrients Protect Your Pet's Health

Feeding your pet a nutritious diet offers these health benefits:

Healthier Skin and Coat. Fats in pet foods, including omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, are essential for healthy hair and skin. Without adequate amounts of fats, your pet's coat may look dull and dry or its skin may become inflamed and itchy. Hair loss can also occur if your pet's diet doesn't include sufficient fats.
Strong Bones and Muscles. Protein found in meat, poultry, lamb, and fish helps your pet build and maintain strong muscles. Protein is made up of amino acids, like arginine, leucine, methionine, lysine, and taurine, that are needed for growth and muscle repair. Taurine is particularly important for cats. Without enough taurine in their diets, cats can develop eye or heart problems. Minerals, including phosphorous, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium, keep teeth and bones strong and are essential for muscle contraction.
Natural Energy. Your furry friend would become tired and weak without the healthy fats in pet foods. Fats are an important source of energy and are needed for vitamin absorption. Vitamins help turn carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into energy. Although fats provide more energy for pets than carbohydrates, carbs still play an important role in energy production. Minerals, like thiamine, are also crucial for energy metabolism.
Vigorous Immune System. A healthy diet boosts your pet's immune system and helps it fight illnesses and infections. Fats, proteins, amino acids, and vitamins A and E provide important immune system support.
Healthy Digestion. Fibers in carbohydrates help your pet's gastrointestinal system digest nutrients and make it easier for your pet to eliminate waste, according to the Pet Food Institute. Without enough fiber, your pet could suffer from constipation.
Good Vision. Vitamin A, lutein, lycopene, and beta-carotene keep your pet's vision clear and sharp. These nutrients are antioxidants, a type of molecule that prevents damage to cells caused by free radicals. In a study published in the Journal of Nutritional Science, researchers noted that beagles that received antioxidant supplements for six months showed improvements in retinal function and decreased refractive errors.
Other Benefits. A healthy mix of nutrients is needed for good organ health, nerve and brain development, and function, heart health, reproduction, and hormone and blood production.

Choosing the Best Food for Your Pet

All pet foods are not the same. Some are loaded with fillers and skimp on essential nutrients, like proteins, vitamins, and fats. Eating these foods is equivalent to a junk food diet for people. Although the food may fill your pet up, it won't provide the nutrients your pet needs to stay healthy.

When you shop for pet food, look for packages that note that the product meets Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) requirements or provides complete and balanced nutrition. Take a look at the ingredients in the food too. The healthiest foods will list a protein source, like beef, poultry, or chicken, first. Less nutritious foods list corn, soybean meal, wheat gluten, and other fillers first.

Keep in mind that pets need different types of food depending on their life stage. For example, kittens and puppies need higher-calorie food packed with nutrients for normal growth and development. Although puppy and kitten foods are ideal for young pets, they can cause weight gain in older pets. Senior pets typically need even fewer calories than younger adult pets and may benefit by eating special senior diets. If your pet has a health condition, like diabetes, arthritis, or kidney disease, a special prescription diet may be a good idea.

Not sure if your pet's diet is healthy? Get in touch with us to ask a question or schedule your pet's next visit.

Sources:

Association of American Feed Control Officials: How to Understand a Dog or Cat Food Label

https://www.aafco.org/consumers/understanding-pet-food/reading-labels/#labelformat

NCBI: Journal of Nutritional Science: Antioxidant Supplementation Increases Retinal Responses and Decreases Refractive Error Changes in Dogs, 5/10/2016

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4891559/

Pet Food Institute: Dog Nutrition

https://www.petfoodinstitute.org/about-pet-food/nutrition/dog-nutrition/

WebMD: Your Pet's Nutrition Needs, 8/30/2022

https://www.webmd.com/pets/dog-cat-nutrition

PetMD: Should You Feed Your Pet Prescription Dog Food? Here's When It's a Good Idea, 12/20/2022

https://www.petmd.com/dog/nutrition/prescription-dog-food

January Newsletter: How Veterinarians Treat Arthritis in Dogs

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 03:46:16 GMT

How Veterinarians Treat Arthritis in Dogs

Has your once-playful pet become a couch potato? Arthritis could be to blame. This painful joint disease affects almost 25% of all dogs, according to the American College of Veterinary Surgeons. Luckily, your pet's veterinarian offers several treatments designed to ease pain and stiffness.

Arthritis: It's a Cushioning Problem

Cartilage, a type of tough flexible tissue, covers and cushions the ends of bones. This tissue is essential for smooth, painless joint movements when your dog jumps on your bed or chases a squirrel in the backyard. Arthritis occurs when the cartilage wears away. Without enough cartilage to protect the joints, the bones rub together, causing pain and inflammation.

The American Kennel Club notes that arthritis is most likely to affect your dog's knees, elbows, hips, lower back, or wrists. The disease can occur in dogs of any breed, size, or age.

Although it's not always possible to determine the cause of arthritis, your pet may be more likely to develop arthritis due to:

Hip or Elbow Dysplasia
Joint Injuries and Infections
Aging
Obesity
Dislocations
Joint Surgery
Diseases, Including Diabetes, and Addison's and Cushing's Disease

If your dog has arthritis, you may notice one or more of these signs:

Limping
Stiff Movements or Gait
Avoidance of Stairs or Jumping
Lack of Interest in Walks
Licking the Sore Joint
Weight Gain
Irritability
Increased Time Sleeping or Resting

These Treatments and Strategies Can Reduce Symptoms

Although it's impossible to restore worn cartilage, your veterinarian can recommend several strategies and treatments that may relieve pain and reduce stiffness, including:

Pain Medication. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce pain, stiffness, and inflammation caused by arthritis. Although people also take NSAIDs for pain, it's not a good idea to offer your pet pain medication without checking with your veterinarian first. A safe dosage for you may be much too strong for your pet.
Change in Diet and Weight Loss. Excess weight puts pressure on the joints, increasing pain. Your pet's veterinarian may recommend losing weight to ease arthritis symptoms. A 6 to 8.85% decrease in body weight could reduce arthritis symptoms significantly, according to a research study published in Veterinary Research Communications. Your pet's doctor may suggest decreasing the amount you feed your dog or recommend prescription pet food that contains anti-inflammatory ingredients.
Exercise. If you have arthritis, you've probably noticed that your pain improves the more you move. The same is true for dogs with arthritis. A daily walk or a game of fetch can help reduce stiffness and improve mobility. Keep in mind that several shorter walks are better than one long walk.
Glucosamine and Chondroitin. Glucosamine and chondroitin supplements could possibly slow joint degeneration. Again, it's best to check with your pet's veterinarian before giving your dog any kind of supplement.
Physical Therapy. Some dogs may benefit from visiting a physical therapist who works with dogs. Physical therapy can reduce pain and stiffness and improve flexibility. If your dog enjoys swimming, spending more time in the water can also be helpful for arthritic joints.
Other Therapies. Massage and acupuncture might also relieve stiffness and pain, while improving blood flow.
Surgery. Although surgery isn't usually needed, it may be helpful if your dog has difficulty walking or is in severe pain. Surgery might involve removing cartilage and debris, fusing bones in a joint together, or rebuilding an arthritic joint.

Worried that your dog may have arthritis? Get in touch with our office to schedule an appointment with the veterinarian.

Sources:

American College of Veterinary Surgeons: Osteoarthritis in Dogs

https://www.acvs.org/small-animal/osteoarthritis-in-dogs/

American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation: Managing Canine Arthritis

https://www.akcchf.org/canine-health/your-dogs-health/caring-for-your-dog/managing-canine-arthritis.html

Veterinary Research Communications: The Effect of Weight Loss on Lameness in Obese Dogs with Osteoarthritis, 2/2010

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2855019/

JAVMA News: Getting Ahead of Osteoarthritis in Pets, 1/1/2021

https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2021-01-01/getting-ahead-osteoarthritis-pets

January Newsletter: How Your Veterinarian Can Help with Lameness

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 03:36:58 GMT

How Your Veterinarian Can Help with Lameness

Delaying a visit to the veterinarian is never a good idea if your pet is limping. Prompt medical care may prevent the condition from worsening and relieve your furry friend's pain.

The First Step in Treating Lameness

Before your veterinarian can offer any treatment, he or she needs to determine why your pet is lame. Your dog, cat, or small animal will receive a thorough examination that may include X-rays, bloodwork, or other lab tests. You can help the veterinarian make a diagnosis by providing information about:

Timing. When did you first notice the lameness? Did the symptoms begin suddenly or gradually?
Symptoms. What are your pet's signs and symptoms? For example, does your pet limp, fall over, avoid putting weight on one leg, avoid jumping, sit differently, hop when running, or constantly lick a paw or leg? Be sure to mention any other signs and symptoms you may have noticed, even if they don't seem to be related.
Behavioral Changes. Have you noticed any changes in your pet's mood or behavior?
Injuries. Did your pet recently fall? Have you noticed any cuts on your pet's body?

Treating Lameness

Lameness has many possible causes, and treatment varies for each one. Common lameness causes include:

Paw Injuries. Your pet may be limping due to a cut or burn on a paw, a foreign object stuck in the paw, or another kind of paw injury. Treatment may involve removing a foreign object, applying antibiotic ointment, and bandaging the paw.
Osteoarthritis. An achy joint may be the reason for your pet's lameness. Arthritis in pets can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain medication, glucosamine and chondroitin supplements, prescription arthritis food, weight management, massage, physical therapy, or surgery if symptoms are severe.
Poisoning. Lameness can be a sign that your pet may have eaten something toxic. Other signs of poisoning may include difficult breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, and seizures. Poisoning requires emergency medical treatment to save your pet's life.
Hip Dysplasia . Hip dysplasia occurs when the end of the femur doesn't fit in the hip joint properly. Hip dysplasia is often inherited and is more common in Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds, according to PetMD. Cornell Feline Health Center notes that hip dysplasia is rare in cats, although certain breeds, like Maine Coon cats, may be more likely to develop the condition. Strategies for managing the symptoms of hip dysplasia include maintaining a healthy weight, undergoing physical therapy, or taking joint supplements and anti-inflammatory medication. Surgery may be needed if the condition is extremely painful or affects your pet's mobility.
Fractures. Your pet's symptoms could be caused by a broken bone. A fracture could have happened if your pet fell, was hit by a car, or by another type of physical trauma. Depending on the severity of the fracture, treatment could involve a splint or cast or surgery to stabilize the bone with plates or pins.
Sprains and Strains. Just like people, animals can develop strained muscles and sprained ligaments. These ailments can take some time to heal. While your pet recovers, the veterinarian may recommend controlling pain with anti-inflammatory medication, massage, or heat or cold packs. Your pet may need to wear a brace on its leg while the injury heals.
Tumor. Tumors in soft tissues or bones may also cause lameness and pain. Fortunately, not all tumors and growths are cancerous. Treatment may involve surgery to remove the tumor. If the tumor is cancerous, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be recommended as well.
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture. The cranial cruciate ligament helps keep the knee stable. A partial or complete tear causes lameness and instability and may lead to arthritis. Some dog breeds are more likely to develop a cranial cruciate ligament rupture, such as Labrador and Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Saint Bernard, Rottweiler, Staffordshire Terrier, Akita, and Newfoundland, according to Colorado State University James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Surgery may be needed to repair torn ligaments.
Other Causes. Lameness may also be caused by joint dislocations, elbow dysplasia, dislocated kneecaps, spinal disease, shoulder instability, ingrown toenails, inflamed tendons, infections, frostbite, animal or snake bites, nerve damage, diabetes, stroke, or other neurological conditions. Treatments vary depending on the diagnosis.

Is your pet having trouble walking? Call our office right away to schedule an appointment.

Sources:

WebMD: Strains and Sprains Spell Pain for Dogs, 11/9/2022

https://www.webmd.com/pets/dogs/dog-sprains-strains

Colorado State University James L. Voss Veterinary Teaching Hospital: Canine Cruciate Ligament Injury

https://vetmedbiosci.colostate.edu/vth/services/orthopedic-medicine/canine-cruciate-ligament-injury/

American Academy of Ophthalmology: What Is Orthokeratology, 4/23/2023

https://www.aao.org/eye-health/glasses-contacts/what-is-orthokeratology

Ophthalmology: Use of Orthokeratology for the Prevention of Myopic Progression in Children, 11/23/2018

https://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(18)33073-2/fulltext

All About Vision: Ortho-K and Corneal Refractive Therapy: Overnight Contacts to Correct Myopia, 2/27/2019

https://www.allaboutvision.com/contacts/orthok.htm

Review of Myopia Management: Overnight Orthokeratology for Myopia: What Does the Evidence Say?, 6/3/2019

https://reviewofmm.com/overnight-orthokeratology-for-myopia-management-what-does-the-evidence-say/

December Newsletter: What Causes Stomatitis in Dogs?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 02:30:32 GMT

What Causes Stomatitis in Dogs?

Stomatitis could be the reason for your dog's sore mouth. The disease attacks the soft tissues in your pet's mouth, causing painful ulcers. Understanding the cause of this disease will help you protect your furry friend's oral health and reduce your pet's risk for tooth loss.

What Is Stomatitis?

Chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (CUPS), commonly called stomatitis, occurs due to inflammation of the mucous membranes in your pet's mouth. The membranes are found in your dog's gums and the lining of the mouth, lips, tongue, and throat. Without proper treatment, stomatitis can destroy the gum tissue that holds your dog's teeth firmly in place, resulting in tooth loss.

Inflammation due to stomatitis causes red, inflamed sores in your pet's mouth. These ulcers often form on the inner surface of the upper lips but may also develop on any tissue that comes in contact with the teeth, like the gums and tongue. Merck Veterinary Manual notes that Greyhounds, Miniature Schnauzers, Labrador Retrievers and Maltese breeds are most likely to be affected by stomatitis. However, any dog can develop the disease.

In addition to the ulcers, other signs and symptoms of stomatitis may include:

Bad Breath
Thick Drool
Pus on the Gums
Swollen Gums
Receding Gums
Bloody Saliva
Pus on the Mucous Membranes
Brown Tartar Build-Up on the Teeth

Dogs with stomatitis are more likely to have gingivitis, a mild form of gum disease that occurs due to plaque and bacteria on their teeth. Your pets may also avoid eating, lose weight, and even be reluctant to open their mouths due to pain.

Why Does My Dog Have Stomatitis?

Although it's not always possible to determine the cause of stomatitis, many cases in dogs occur due to an immune system overreaction to the presence of plaque on the teeth, according to Veterinary Practice News. Plaque is a sticky, colorless bacterial film that constantly forms on the teeth.

In people, plaque build-up can cause cavities. Dogs are much less likely to develop cavities, but may develop periodontal (gum) disease as a result of plaque. Eighty to ninety percent of dogs over age 3 have some degree of periodontal disease, according to Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine.

Plaque eventually hardens into tartar, a hard, brown build-up that often appears at the bottom of teeth or between teeth. The rough surface of tartar provides the perfect place for bacterial growth. Tartar increases your pet's risk for gum disease, but can thankfully be removed by your pet's veterinarian.

How Is Stomatitis Treated?

Treatment starts with a thorough dental cleaning to remove plaque, bacteria, and tartar from your pet's teeth. Cleanings are performed under anesthesia for your dog's comfort. In some cases, it may be necessary to remove teeth that can't be saved.

Your pet may also receive oral or topical antibiotics to kill bacteria or steroids to decrease pain and swelling. Dogs with stomatitis may require more frequent professional cleanings in the future to keep plaque, bacteria, and tartar under control.

Caring for a pet with stomatitis at home can be a little tricky. Your pet will likely need twice-daily home cleanings to prevent plaque build-up, yet may be reluctant to submit to toothbrushing due to pain or previous experiences with mouth pain.

If your pet is in pain, wiping its teeth with special dental wipes may be a better option than brushing. You may also need to use special prescription anti-bacterial rinses or gels to reduce bacteria. Let your veterinarian know if you're struggling to keep your dog's teeth clean. He or she can offer some suggestions that may make the process easier.

Regular dental cleanings are important for all dogs and are crucial for dogs with stomatitis. If it's time for your dog's cleaning, or you're concerned about your pet's oral health, contact our office to schedule an appointment with the veterinarian.

Sources:

Merck Veterinary Manual: Disorders of the Mouth in Dogs, 5/2018

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/dog-owners/digestive-disorders-of-dogs/disorders-of-the-mouth-in-dogs

Veterinary Practice News: Causes of Canine Stomatitis, 6/28/2017

https://www.veterinarypracticenews.com/causes-of-canine-stomatitis/

Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Periodontal Disease

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/riney-canine-health-center/canine-health-information/periodontal-disease

PetMD: Stomatitis in Dogs, 12/23/2022

https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/mouth/c_multi_stomatitis

December Newsletter: What is the 3-3-3 Rule When Adopting a New Pet?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 02:24:37 GMT

Adopting a New Pet? The 3-3-3 Rule Could Help Ease the Adjustment Process

Remember when you moved into your current house or apartment? Although you may have been excited about the move, it probably took a while for your new place to feel like home. Pets feel the same way when they join their forever homes. Helping your furry friend feel comfortable may be a little easier if you keep the 3-3-3 rule in mind. The rule breaks the adjustment process into three days, three weeks, and three months. Here's what you can expect during each phase:

Three Days

Adjusting to a new home and a new family is a major life change for pets. It's not unusual for them to feel stressed and anxious at first. The behaviors pets exhibit during the first few days in their new homes may not reflect their personalities or training. For example, a housetrained pet may have a few accidents as it learns new routines and adapts to its new life.

During this stage, your dog or cat is getting used to you, your home, and your family. Some pets are fearless and immediately begin exploring your home. Others may look for secluded places to observe the action around them. Your new cat or kitten might retreat to the space under your bed or behind the couch, while your new puppy or dog may prefer to spend time in the safety of its crate. Although you'll want to visit your pet and speak reassuringly to it, don't try to force your dog or cat out of its safe space. Doing so will only prolong the adjustment process and cause unnecessary stress.

Show your pet the locations of its food and water dishes, bed, toys, and litter box. If your pet spends its days hiding, it may feel more comfortable exploring your home during the night. Keep essential items, like food dishes, and litter boxes, in easy-to-find locations. While your cat adjusts to your new home, it may be helpful to place a litter box on every level of your home.

Many pets feel more confident after about three days, although the process can take longer for some pets.

Three Weeks

During the next three weeks, your pet will adjust to new routines regarding meal times, playtime, and bathroom breaks. This is also the time for your pet to start to learn the rules of your home. Gentle training techniques are best when teaching your dog or cat new commands or rules.

Scratching, a natural behavior for cats, keeps nails sharp and offers a way to mark territory. The corner of your couch looks like the ideal place to scratch from your cat's perspective, although you probably don't agree. The ASPCA recommends covering furniture corners with plastic, double-sized sticky tape, or upside-down carpet runners to prevent damage to your furniture and discourage scratching. Putting a scratching post next to the furniture will help your pet learn that the post is the acceptable place to scratch. When your cat uses the post, praise it and offer a treat.

The first three weeks are the ideal time to start training your dog or continue its education if it knows a few commands. Use positive methods to teach basic commands like "sit" and "stay." For example, say "sit," gently push your dog's hindquarters into a sitting position, and offer a treat and praise. If you'd like a little help training your dog, enroll in an obedience class. The classes are fun for people and pets and provide the opportunity to spend one-on-one time with your dog.

Three Months

At three months, your pet has begun to feel secure, confident, and happy with its new life and new home. During the past few months, you probably discovered a few adorable personality quirks that make your dog or cat a valued family member.

Pets thrive on daily attention from you, whether they've just joined your family or have lived in your home for several months. Set aside time every day to enjoy your furry friend's company. In addition to lavishing affection on your pet, engage its mind with toys or games, like fetch (for both dogs and cats).

Have you adopted a new pet recently? A visit to the vet will help you ensure that your pet is healthy and up-to-date on important vaccines. Contact our office to schedule a visit for your companion.

Sources:

ASPCA: Destructive Scratching

https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/cat-care/common-cat-behavior-issues/destructive-scratching

Humane Society of North Texas: The 3-3-3 Rule: A Pawsitively Perfect Guide to Bringing Home Your New Adopted Dog

https://www.hsnt.org/post/the-3-3-3-rule

American Kennel Club: How to Help an Adult Dog Adjust to a New Home, 2/23/2023

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/home-living/how-to-help-an-adult-dog-adjust-to-a-new-home/

Petfinder: Tips for New Cat Owners

https://www.petfinder.com/cats-and-kittens/adoption/new-cat/tips-for-the-first-30-days-cat/

November Newsletter: What Causes Cataracts in Cats and How Are They Treated?

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 02:03:57 GMT

Is Your Cat Bumping Into the Walls? Cataracts Could Be the Problem

Could you find your way from the kitchen to bathroom wearing a pair of glasses smeared with grease? Unfortunately, the world can look this hazy to cats that have cataracts. Although cataracts are often associated with aging, this eye problem can also affect younger cats.

What Are Cataracts?

Cataracts occur when the clear lens inside your cat's eye becomes cloudy. The lens focuses light rays on the retina, the part of the eye that converts the rays into electrical impulses. Impulses then travel to the brain for conversion to images. If the lens is cloudy, light doesn't reach the retina uniformly, causing hazy or blurry vision.

Small cataracts may not affect your pet's vision very much, while large cataracts can have a significant impact on your pet's eyesight. Your veterinarian may use one of these classifications for your cat's cataracts:

Incipient. The cataract only affects a small portion of the lens and doesn't interfere with vision.
Immature. This type of cataract causes vision problems and covers 15 to 100% of the lens, according to All About Vision.
Mature. Mature cataracts make it difficult or impossible to see because the cataract affects the entire lens.
Hypermature. A hypermature cataract has started to shrink, due to the loss of water and protein.

Some cats are born with cataracts or have a genetic predisposition to develop them. Genetic cataracts are more likely to affect certain breeds, such as Himalayan, Persian, British Shorthair, and Birman cats, according to Cats.com.

What Are the Signs of Cataracts?

Due to cataract-related changes in vision, your cat may:

Bump Into Furniture and Other Objects
Eliminate Waste Next to or Near the Litterbox Instead of In It
Struggle to Locate Food and Water Bowls
Become More Cautious or Timid When Walking
Have Difficulty Climbing Stairs or Jumping on Objects
Seem Confused or Disoriented

Although cataracts often don't have any obvious signs, your pet's pupils might look cloudy or appear white or blue-gray instead of black in some cases.

What Causes Cataracts?

Just like people, cats are more likely to develop cataracts as they get older. Other cataract causes include:

An Eye Injury
Poor Nutrition
High Blood Pressure
Diabetes or Other Metabolic Diseases
An Eye Infection
Cancer

Uveitis, inflammation in the middle of the eye, is a common cause of cataracts in cats. Cats that have uveitis may blink or squint often. If you notice any of these signs in your cat, call the veterinarian immediately. Treating the inflammation as soon as possible will protect your pet's vision and reduce it's risk of developing cataracts.

How Are Cataracts Treated?

If inflammation or infection is to blame for your cat's cataracts, the veterinarian will prescribe eye drops that decrease inflammation or kill the germs causing the infection. Prompt treatment of inflammation is important, as inflammation can be a factor in glaucoma. Glaucoma occurs when the pressure inside the eye is too high. High pressure can damage the optic nerve, the pathway between the brain and eye, and cause permanent vision loss. Although eye drops treat inflammation and infection, your cat will still have cataracts.

It's important to treat other underlying diseases and conditions like cancer, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Treating the condition will improve your pet's health, but won't get rid of the cataracts.

No matter what the cause of your cat's cataracts is, your veterinarian may recommend surgery if your pet is having trouble seeing. During cataract surgery, a veterinarian removes the cloudy lens and replaces it with an artificial lens. Surgery isn't an option for all cats, as animals must be healthy enough to tolerate a surgical procedure. As part of the pre-surgery preparation, your veterinarian will order a blood test. The blood test can detect kidney disease and other diseases and conditions that may affect your pet's health.

Surgery isn't always needed for cataracts. If the cataract doesn't affect your pet's eyesight, your veterinarian may suggest watching and waiting. Should the cataract grow larger, surgery may be the best option at that point.

Are you worried that your cat may have cataracts? A trip to the veterinarian can help you determine why your pet's behavior has changed. Contact our office to schedule your furry friend's appointment.

Sources:

All About Vision: Cat Cataracts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention, 10/13/2021

https://www.allaboutvision.com/resources/human-interest/cataracts-in-cats/

Cats.com: Cataracts in Cats: Causes, Symptoms & Treatments, 4/17/2023

https://cats.com/cataracts-in-cats

Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Feline Cataracts

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/cornell-feline-health-center/health-information/feline-health-topics/feline-cataracts

PetMD: Cataracts in Cats, 5/19/2023

https://www.petmd.com/cat/conditions/eyes/cataracts-cats